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We are analog creatures caught in the digital world and the worst world part-vegasplus login we conducted this operation for ourselves.

We, people, biological animals. We spun over millions of years in order to serve in ecology to survive. Our organization with analog devices after biological work technologies. We are compatible, flexible, tolerant. But, we, people, have built a world of cars that expects tough, fixed, intolerant. We created a technology on the internet, which requires significant attention, and attention that requires that we resort to its own conditions, and not for us. We are surrounded by a technological world where the technology is not suitable for everyone. It is not surprising that we have that these difficulties are needed. 

Here we wander about the world, meet with things, forgetting about the intricacies, with a bad sense of time, a bad memory for events and numbers, inability to give a sign to the issue for shorter ones, to reason with an example , but not by logic and, focusing on the impressions of previous experience proposed, by general recognition. When we look in this way, we seem quite miserable. It is not surprising, the materials that we have developed a set of artificial equipment, which are not very in our own image. We organized the world of cars where scrupulousness and accuracy. Time is possible. Names, dates, incident and number are significant. The exact memory is of paramount importance. Spare parts have a special meaning. 

All that we are bad in matter, the goods are good in our company are ignored. Bizarre. 

People - biological animals developing so that they fit into the ocean of nature. We are flexible and tolerant. We succeed in perception, in creativity, the ability to give a damn about the limitations of this information, understanding otherwise chaotic events. We often have to interpret events far abroad of accessible information and our ability to do it effectively and without working, usually not just realizing what we do, significantly adds to our ability to function. This ability has constituted a reasonable, consistent image of the world in the face of limited evidence, makes it possible for us to foresee and predict a responsible day to cope with an ambiguous, constantly changing world. 

Here is an elementary test of your memory: 

Moses took on the ark? 

What is the answer? How many animals? Two? Remember: how about an amoeba, a non -class, unicellular animal that multiplies, dividing itself into a fraction? Did he really have to take two of them? 

Answer: no. There are no animals at all. Moses did not take the animals to the ark, it was no. 

Some of the visitors were fooled. Why? Because the population heard what you were looking for, and not the one that is said. In a simple language, people ask real tasks that differ in real answers and real meaning. Only professors of psychology and jokes ask questions. If you notice the trick, this is for the reason that you were unnaturally suspicious or vigilant. We do not need such vigilance in good human interaction. Those of you who have been fascinated are responding normally: this is how we are forced to be. Perhaps this embarrassed the “moses” with “noah”, but he was helped by the fact that such names have many similarities: both short, with two syllables. Both biblical, from the old testament. Under calm conditions, confusion would be useful, as this is such a mistake that can make the speaker, and the like is useful when you wish to go beyond superficial errors. 

It is necessary to recall that the ability to be insensitive to simple speech errors does not mean that the service is easily deceived. In a similar way, you would not be fooled if i asked: 

How many animals of any type 

Did clinton take the ark? 

Clinton's name is not too close to the goal for you, a biblical name is required to deceive the client. From a aesthetic position, although the speaker is able to inform moses, when he was intended “noah”, it is noticeably less possible that a person mistakenly utters a non -biblical name, such as clinton. Automatic interpretation of the initial question is reasonable and reasonable. ” The fact that the main question can deceive humanity is an evidence of our abilities, and not accusations with these funds, do not deliberately try to deceive us. Take a closer look at this example, since the sand is fundamental to just people, or what is most important to understand why computers are so different from people, why today's technology is so bad. 

Why do scrupulousness and accuracy matter? In our world, they are not nature. It is important only because we discovered a culture in which these rarities are important.Accurate and detailed measurements are important, since the machines and procedures created by us are strict, inflexible and fixed according to their methods, and therefore if the measurement is turned off into a certain tiny fraction, the effect may be the inability to work. Moreover, this is able to cause a tragic accident. We are very loyal to allow our bodies and our actions to comply with the circumstances. Animals -do not require accurate measurements and high filigree for activity. Cars are doing. 

The same story is true regarding time, events and numbers and accurate memory. This matters only because a mechanical, industrially developed society created by people is not suitable for people. This is partly due to the fact that we are not in the know how to design better. Can we create cars that are as flexible as people? The other day. Biology is not built: it is growing, it develops. He builds life from soft, flexible parts. Parts that are self -payment. Our employees are not aware of how to do this with our machines: we are able to build only mechanical devices from rigid substances, such as lumber or steel. We only base information radio receiver from binary logic, with its persistence regarding logic and authenticity. We invented the artificial mathematics of logic than to more optimally improve our own thought processes. 

The dilemma, the mechanical machines facing us, we are biological. The machines are rigid and require impeccable accuracy and accuracy of control. We correspond. We suffer and perform a lot of uncertainty and uncertainty, very small accuracy and accuracy. The latest achievements of mankind are digital data processing and communication methods, while we personally are analog devices. Analog and biological. In an analog entry, the storing signal varies in terms of value exactly like, like the energy of sound, varies in time. Analog recording of the phonograph: it acts, recreating the variations of sound energy from swaying and the depth of the groove. In the recording of the tape, the strength of the magnetic field on the tape changes similarly to variations of sound energy. These are analog signals. 

Different digital signals. It is recorded here, is an abstraction of real signals. Digital coding was usually invented to get rid of noise. In the beginning, the electric circuits were analog. But the electric circuits are noisy, or rather, undesirable changes in the voltage exist. The noise interferes, mainly because the schemes cannot distinguish between things that the meaning can boast, and to people that no, this blindly processes everything. 

Enter the digital world. Instead of using a signal similar to a physical event, a physical event is transformed into a series of numbers that set the original. In high -quality music recording, sound energy is displayed more than 40,000 times per second, it is reincarnated in numbers that represent the value of energy when each sample was made. The numbers are usually provided in the form of binary numbers, but not familiar decimal signs, which is, what is that the whole number can provide only two conditions, 0 or 1, but not ten possible states of the decimal number. When there are only two states that need to be distinguished, the operation is much easier and less susceptible to error than when it should determine the exact value, as it should be through an analog signal. Binary signals are relatively insensitive to the noise. 

As you can imagine to record and reproduce the digital representation of sound waves requires a large processing. It is necessary to convert the sound into numbers, store numerical indicators, and then select and restore them back into sound energy. Such quick transformation was not possible at an affordable cost to recently, so the emphasis on digital signals seems new. Only recently, the technology was capable of high -quality digital coding of musical and television signals, but the concept is old. 

There are a number of general delusions about digital and analog signals. One of them is that the “analogue” means continuous, however, “digital” means discrete. No, although this is often true, this is not a base for distinction. Think about the “analogue” as the meaning of the “similar”: similar to the real world. If the event in the real world is discrete, in addition, it will be analog. If the physical case is incessant, then it will be analog. Digital, however, is always discrete: one of the limited number of values, usually in the list of two, but, quite often one of several or ten. “Digital” is somehow good ”, analog” is bad. It’s just a little not so. Yes, the digital is suitable for our modern machines, but the analogue is more beautiful for tomorrow's cars. And an analogue, of course, is much better for girls and guys. Why? Especially due to noise. 

Our evolution is guided by the requirements of the world.Our perception systems developed to solve the world. Meanwhile, in the situation when you strive to find answers to the question of how human perception is carried out, it helps to start with an understanding of the world of light and sound, because the eyes and ears developed to correspond to the nature of these physical signals. This implies that our company is better interacting with systems that are not in vain called part of the world or similar to them: analog signals. 

Analog signals come due to what a person can study. A small error or noise converts signals in traditional ways, methods of developing the body to interpret and execute. In the electronic signal, the representation is so arbitrary that a simple mistake can experience unexpected consequences. 

If in a typical television signal there is a certain noise encoded in a similar style, we observe a little noise on the air. Usually we can endure the resulting image, at least until the time, while our employees can study it. A little noise has a slight influence. 

Modern effective digital encodings use compression technologies that eliminate redundancy. Digital television signals are almost always compressed in order to maintain a place and throughput, the most common scheme is the algorithms developed by a group of experts for cinema or mpeg. If any information is lost, it takes some time before the system sends a lot of secrets to allow recovery. Coding mpeg divides films into rectangular areas. Noise is able to make it impossible for the system to restore the entire region. As a result, when the image is noisy, entire areas of the screen are disintegrated and distorted in such a way that our memory is not able to reconstruct, and this will take a couple of seconds until the picture reforms itself. 

A huge question in order to be digital, implies that this implies special slavery to accuracy, a requirement that is varied from the natural work of a person. People analog are not sensitive to the noise, insensitive to errors. People extract values, and also until the moment when the values remain unchanged, the signals do not leave the signals. They are not noticed, these funds do not remember. 

The mentioned - completely with knowledge and it is reasonable to use digital encodings for their internal work. Cars are more optimal by digital coding. The problem grows like interaction between people and machines. People are better dealing with signals and information that answer how much they perceive and imagine, which means similar to the real world. Machines are more optimally suitable with signals and information that is suitable for how they function, which is meant by digital, hard, accurate. So, when should they get acquainted with which side should dominate? In the past, it was a car that dominates. After a while, it should be a person. Plan your purchases with us for chapter 9. 

People against computers 

Constantly growing difficulty bringing the best opportunities and key problems. The most promising of questions that the brain will not cost like a computer are also specialists of our company: the possibility of new ways of interaction, which allow us to use additional talents of human and machines. 

The modern era of information technology was with us, but the shortest time. Computers are less than a century. The technology was deliberately built for the release of mechanical analogues that work reliably, algorithmically and quickly. They are based on mathematics, or, more precisely, in the case of the first computing devices and logic in the case of more advanced devices. 

Compare the listed with the human brain. Human creatures are the results of millions of years of evolution, where the leading principle was the survival of species that are not effective, algorithmic calculations. Reliability in the face of unexpected circumstances will play an important role in the evolutionary process. Human intelligence developed with social cooperation, cooperation and rivalry, and besides this communication. The ability to learn in practice and communicate and thereby coordinate with others, provided powerful adaptations for changing complex ecological forces. It is noteworthy that the ability to deceive, it seems, was one driving force. The most intelligent of the animals use the complex level of deliberate, focused deception. Only the most sophisticated animal can see through deception. Of course, nature also practices deception through camouflage and facial expressions, but not intentional and intentional. Primates are the most experienced in deliberate, intentional deception, and the most complex primacy and emdash; man and emdash; it is the most difficult deceiver of everyone.

We remind you that some kind of deception is used for a smooth desire for social interaction: “white lies” smoothes many, otherwise discomfort, social clashes. Not quite accurately to say the truth when someone asks how we like their appearance, their presentation, or a gift that they just presented us. We can say that computers will not be really smart or social until they also be able to deceive. We are masters of artifacts. Physical artifacts make us stronger, faster, and more convenient. Cognitive artifacts make us smarter. Among cognitive artifacts are the invention of writing and fur notation systems, for example, use in mathematics, dancing and musical transcription. The result of these inventions is the fact that local knowledge is now cumulative: any generation increases on the legacy left by previous generations. This is good news. The bad news is that the number that needs to be seen about the history, culture and methods of our existence increases over time. So it is necessary for a couple of centuries, then to be a really well -educated citizen. How many hours will it take for fifty years? After a hundred years? What emphasizes current computers. The differences are dramatic. Computers are built of many fast, simple devices, any of which is considered the following binary logic and works reliably and consistently. Any errors in the work of all basic ingredients are prohibited, and they are avoided either by thorough design to reduce the frequency of refusals, or by correcting misses in emergency areas. The resulting parameters of the laptop is the result of high speed relative to simple computing devices. 

Biological calculations are performed by the full number of slow, specialized technology and emdash; neurons and emdash; each makes significant calculations and is presented through electrical chemical interactions. The calculation power is the result of a very parallel nature of calculations and complex calculations made by each of the billions of neural cells. Among other things, cells bathe in liquids whose chemistry can change quickly, providing products for the rapid deployment of hormones and other signals for the entire system, substances that are specific to the site. Think about such as the deployment of chemical agents. The result is rightfully considered that the computing basis is dynamic, capable of quick, fundamental changes. Affect, emotions and mood - all play powerful and emdash; and still poorly understood, and emdash; the role in household knowledge. Naturally, any file we experienced stress when the logic dictates a couple of action, but the mood or feeling is different: most of the day we follow the mood or emotions. 

Whatever the computing mode and emdash; and the current story, among other things, is not in demand, and emdash; this, of course, is not binary logic. Each individual biological element is neither reliable nor consistent. Errors are frequent and emdash; entire cells can also die; and reliability is maintained due to mass redundancy, as well as due to the originally stable computation trading in the errors and during such circumstances, relatively high resistance to errors of the resulting behavior. 

The points are not reassessed in any way. Everyone is jointly developing the body, brain and social interaction of a person in order to transfer large differences in working capacity in our climate set. This is an excellent mistake to errors and a goodbye system. It uses as electrical, completely chemical structures of contact and processing. Conscious and subconscious processing probably uses all sorts of computing mechanisms, and the role of feelings and affect is not yet understood. 

The human language is a good example of the evolution of reliable, excessive, excess, excess and relatively insensitive to the noise of social communication. Errors are corrected so easily that often none of the parties knows about the error or correction. Communication greatly depends on the overall base of skills, goals and goals: women with a variety of cultural experience often come across, even if they consider the same language. The result is an amazingly complex structure for social interaction and interaction. Children learn the language without conscious efforts, but the difficulties of human languages are still resistant to complete scientific understanding. 

Biological and technological evolution 

We, people, developed in accordance with the framing atmosphere. At the same time, we learned to modify and change the environment, which leads to the coevolution in which we have changed in order to correspond to the world, at the same time changing the world, which leads to further evolutionary changes. Under the current period, this co -evolution continued by the human pace. We compiled a language and tools.We found how to control fire and build simple tools. The tools have become more complicated because simple tools have become machines. The process was slow, the more durable to correspond to the latest methods with the old, new methods giving a person’s opportunity. 

The biological evolution of mankind continues exorbitantly slowly to be visible, but there are a special special technological and environmental evolution that flows quickly. We develop our human artifacts to match our abilities. This evolution is similar, but differs from the biological appearance. First of all, there is a story here: it is lamarkkinskaya, that the changes made to one generation can be extended to the future. Nevertheless, this is an evolutionary process, because it is basically not exploited, except for the economic faculties of survival rules. Any generation includes only a small modification of the previous one. 

A good illustration of how the evolutionary process forms our artifacts offered on a person, this is a sport. Sport requires an exquisite combination of executable and difficult. Make the game too easy and loses its attractiveness. Carry out the procedure is very difficult, and all this is not reproducible. To the joy, the range, from too easy to too difficult, is safe. One of our features is the property of learning, developing the skills further outside the fact that a non -commercial person can do. Thus, some games, such as tic-tac-toe, which seem difficult when they first meet, are so easily mastered that they quickly lose their own attractiveness. Successful minecraft is the one that has a wide range of complexity, playable for both beginners and experts, although not always at the same time. Successful shooters include football, rugby, tennis, basketball, baseball, football, chess, go, checkers, maps and bridge. These are multidimensional, rich and multifaceted. As a result, a beginner can enjoy part of his charm, while the consultant has the opportunity to find out modern numerous dimensions. 

Games work reasonably when they do not use so many ways. The reason is simple: the games are used for the time of the reaction of a person, dimensions and strength. Add too many equipment to the mix and you will soon transfer the new product beyond the reach of human abilities. This is successfully illustrated in military games, deadly duel exercises, when the army of the world contrasts, one against the other. But here, technologies are deliberately used to surpass human capabilities, to such an extent that it will only be required a couple of years of training in order to be able to master the modern aircraft fighters of the reactive aircraft, and just then the pilot has not yet recognized in the process of violent maneuvers. These are games not suitable for people. Each generation makes benefits from the fact that before, and the experience gained lead to more prompt changes. We largely use this cumulative accumulation of knowledge, but the cost that we pay is in the fact that any subsequent generation is even more, and more to study. As a result, the past works like a wonderful starting point, moving us forward on the shoulders of giants. In the role of an alternative, this is perceived as a huge anchor, forcing us to spend more and more, and more minutes in the school years, studying the accumulated wisdom of age, to such an extent that motivation and energy are exhausted before the end of the study. The constantly growing pace of change 

, It is ever possible to study the themes of culture. In the end, everything changed slowly, at the human pace. During the maturity, the children learned about what passed earlier and with that time they could keep up with editing. The technology has changed slowly. Moreover, it was mechanical, which meant, what was visible. Children are able to explore this. Teenagers can decompose it. The younger generation can expect to improve it. 

Times, the technological evolution continued by the human pace. Crafts and sports have developed for many years. Despite the fact that the results can be difficult, the cause of complexity usually managed to see, explore and rant. The technology has lived and experience. As a result, this can be distinguished. 

Today it is no longer possible. The slow evolutionary rhythm of life no longer depends on the scale and pace of technological changes. The accumulation of knowledge is huge, since it has grown in recent years. Once several years of sitting and emdash; or at all informal training and emdash; it was enough. Today you need formal training, and the requirements for a person are constantly increasing. The number in all people who must be mastered, from history and linguistics to science and technology to practical information and skills, is always increasing.As soon as most fans may have enough education at school. Then a high school was required. Then, after this college, graduate school and further education after these formalities. In the new century, there is not enough education. 

Scientists are no longer able to walk in a step with victories even in their field, silent about the whole science. Thanks to this, we are in the era of specialization, in which place it is able to make one person in order to keep up with the pace in a specific limited area of effort. However, having nothing but experts, as representatives of mankind can overcome the gaps? In the new millennium, scientific progress has the tradition of being electronic, which means that its work is invisible, due to the fact that it occurs inside the semiconductor circuits through an invisible transfer of voltages, currents and electromagnetic fields, all of which are invisible to vision. One computer chip will be able to have ten million components, and chips with maximum possible millions of components are at the development stage: who could study these things through disassembly, was even possible to disassemble? Even with computer programs: a program with a huge number of instructions lines is a familiar phenomenon. Those people where millions of instructions are inadvertent. It entirely depends on the designer's whim. In the past, physical structures represented their own natural restrictions on the design and arising complexity. However, with information technologies, the result can be the same simple or complex as a designer and too few designers have some kind of understanding of users who should use their projects. 

even if the designer is attentive to technology users, there cannot be a natural connection between one set of designs and others. In the physical world, natural restrictions on physical objects meant that such tools worked in a similar way. Futting all over the world information, very similar tools will be able to work in a very different and emdash; perhaps even contradictory and emdash; methods. 

Treating people, like cars 

What an exciting time should be the course of the century! The period from the end of the 1800s at the beginning of the last century was due to quick changes, in many respects, parallel changes that are now associated. During a relatively short period of time, the whole world went through a quick, almost wonderful technological invention, forever changing the life of its citizens, society, entrepreneurial activity and the government. During this period, a light was developed, and power plants arose throughout the country. Electric motors were invented for electricity. The telegraph covered the american continent and the world followed by the phone. Then a phonograph appeared, for the first time in history, allowing the voices, songs and sounds that will be preserved and reproduced at will. That hour, mechanical devices increased in power. The railway quickly expanded its coating. The steam ocean ships lay under the development. Transport was discovered, first as expensive, manual machines, starting with daimler and benz abroad. Henry ford developed the first assembly line for serial production of relatively low cars. The first plane was flyed, and in several decades he transported mail, passengers and bombs. The photograph was so simple, and the films dealt with the path. And in the near future a radio appeared, allowing you to send signals, sounds and drawings throughout the earth without in wires. It was a wonderful period of changes. 

Today it is difficult to imagine life until this time. At night, the only lighting was through the flame: candles, fireplaces, oil and kerosene lamps, and gas in a number of places. The letters were the main means of scripts and despite the fact that the delivery of letters in the big city became operational and effective, and delivery was offered more than once a day, transportation at distances can hit days or even a week. The journey was difficult and almost all summer residents never risked more than 30 miles from their native lands throughout their lives. Everyday life was greatly different from the present days. But such for a historian is a relatively short period of time, the world has changed dramatically so that it affects the floor, and not exclusively rich and higher classes, as well as everyday man. 

, Entertainment: the situation has changed through human inventions. Work, too,, although not necessarily in useful ways. The factory already existed, but new technologies and processes have brought new requirements, as well as the chances for inclusion. The electric motor made it possible to control the means of managing factories.But as usual, the greatest change was social and organizational: the analysis of the functioning in a series of small actions and the conviction that if each action can be standardized, none of the dc is based on the only best method, ”then automated factories can reap even more function and performance. As a result, the emergence of research and minutes and movement, “scientific coordination and the lines of the assembly. Excessively, the employee’s dehumanization also came, since now the employee was almost just another car at the factory analyzed as one and asked for one and asked for not bring your head in the office, because thinking has slowed the action. 

Wide -made era and assembly line, in the end of which the efficiency of the “disassembly line” developed at meat packaging enterprises arose. Scientific management tools took into account the mechanical properties of the body, at the same time not mental and psychological. The result was a lot of movements on the working day, considering the factory worker as cog in a car, deliberately depriving the work of all meaning, all in the name of efficiency. These beliefs are stuck with us, and although now our employees do not want extremely who advocated the early practicing scientific management, this matrices were developed for thinking of constantly increasing efficiency, constantly increasing productivity from labor. The principle of increasing efficiency will not become difficult. The matter is at that at which the price? Many people believe that taylor's work had the greatest action on the life of people in this century than anyone else. His book “the principles of scientific management”, published in 1911, sent a factory and skills around the world, from the united states to an attempt by stalin to develop an effective communist position in the recently formed by our country. You may have never heard about which in life, however, it is primarily responsible for the information provided about the efficiency, the practice of work, which is followed by production throughout the earth and immediately for a feeling of guilt, which we sometimes experience when we "turned off." Expect the time for some continuous persecution when we must do business. As soon as you remembered the components, you can develop the most effective method of doing business, develop procedures, which increased performance and improve employees' effectiveness. If taylor’s methods were respected properly, management could increase the salary of employees, at this very time increasing the profit of the company. In fact, taylor’s methods demanded management to switch to a new salary position, since the money was used as a powerful incentive for employees to follow the procedures and be used to be used more effectively. According to taylor, everyone would win: workers will receive more money, large manufacturing and important profit. It sounds wonderful, isn't it? The only problem was that workers hated it. vegasplus top Find a good way to do something and get people to do this, an hour after an hour, daily. Efficiency without deviations. The thought was eliminated. To begin with, taylor said, people who could rake dirt, make a simple cut, a turning machine and drilling, and in general perform the lowest level of tasks, were not able to think. “Rough workers” - exactly the same as he considered them. Secondly, if i thought that this meant that in the procedures or process there was not enough clarity, which signaled that the procedures were wrong. Taylor explained trouble, with thinking, was not exclusively in the next vast majority of workers do not have the ability to him, but even that thinking slowed the work. This, of course, is true: why, if we have not had to think in any situation, just imagine how much faster we are able to work. In order to eliminate the need for thoughts, taylor said that it was necessary to reduce all the work on the routine, all this is work, besides you, like him, he did not have to leave a fixed watch that did not have to go procedures that were paid almost hundreds of times longer than the salary, than charges, and which were allowed, and emdash; i encouraged